What is malware? How does it work? Here's how to protect yourself from it

As technology advances, people's conveniences have increased, so too have the risks associated with technology. You've likely heard of incidents like online fraud, which are common these days. 

Cyber ​​fraud is a major problem, but internal problems with tech gadgets also cause significant harm to users. Internal damage simply means a malfunction within the system itself, a software glitch. 

Today, in this article, we're going to tell you in detail about one such malicious software, malware, which you can learn about to keep your device safe.

What is malware?

Malware is a type of malicious software designed to harm a computer or mobile system, steal data, or gain access to it. There are many types, each affecting the device in its own way. Malware can target not only computers but also mobile phones and other smart devices.

The way malware works is almost identical. Clicking on a suspicious or inappropriate link installs it. Hackers often hide malware within files, photos, or documents. As soon as you open or share them, the malware spreads. 

It can also arrive on your phone through text messages or app downloads. Once installed, it executes according to the hacker's commands. This allows hackers to easily bypass security systems and target multiple devices simultaneously.

Types of malware

Ransomware- It locks your system or files and asks for money in exchange for opening them.
Spyware – This secretly transmits information about your device to hackers, allowing them to control your microphone, camera, or other features.
Worms- These keep making copies of themselves and gradually increase so much that the computer or network may stop working.
Adware- These continuously show unwanted advertisements and steal your data to show personalized ads.
Trojans – These disguise themselves as genuine software. Once installed, they inject hidden malware into the system.
Botnets – These are networks of many computers infected with malware. Hackers use them to send spam or create fake advertisements.

How to avoid malware?

To avoid malware, there are a few important things to keep in mind. First, never click on any suspicious pop-ups, banner ads, or unknown links, as these are often a way to spread malware. 

Opening messages from strangers, attachments in unfamiliar emails, or files from unknown sources can also be dangerous, so avoid opening such files. 

Always keep your system and apps updated, as updates fix security flaws, reducing the risk of malware. Always download apps and files from trusted, official sources to prevent malware from entering your device through fake or infected files. 

Additionally, regularly back up your important data to ensure your important content remains safe and minimizes losses in the event of a data breach or malware attack.